Objective: Although there is an opinion that anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) is a reliable diagnostic and prognostic indicator in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), its association with disease activity and severity is uncertain. This study has been planned to determine the relationship between anti-CCP antibody levels and the disease activity in patients with RA.

Materials and Methods: A total of 48 patients, who have been diagnosed with RA, were included in the study. After physical examination, all patients were evaluated with clinical and laboratory parameters. The clinical symptoms were assessed using visual analog scale (VAS), disease activity score (DAS-28) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Rheumatoid factor (RF), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), thrombocyte, leukocyte, hemoglobin and anti-CCP levels were investigated.

Results: The anti-CCP results were positive in 33 patients (68.7%) and negative in 15 patients (31.3%). Anti-CCP was positive in 30.4% of RFnegative patients. A significant difference was observed in average RF levels when the anti-CCP positive and negative patients were compared, however, there was no significance between other parameters. In logistic regression analysis of multiple parameters, higher DAS-28 scores and RF positivity were associated with 5.95 and 5.4 times greater risk of being anti-CCP positive, respectively.

Conclusion: Anti-CCP can be used in the diagnosis of patients with seronegative RA and also may be useful for reflecting disease activity.